![\"\"](\"https:\/\/stephensnelling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/caleys.jpg\" "\\"caleys\\"")
<\/a>The destruction of Caley's chocolate factory, April 1942.<\/p><\/div>\n
My first glimpse of his stunning work was entirely by chance. One of his paintings was featured in an exhibition at the Norwich Castle. In an article inspired by my discovery I wrote of being held \u201cspellbound\u201d by the painting:<\/p>\n
\u201cAt its heart was a great swirl of vivid colour and the contorted skeleton of a factory smothered in flames and a pall of smoke that seemed to hang like a translucent shroud in the night sky. Slowly, I began to take in the rest of the painting. The dark jumble of buildings reduced to twisted rubble. A window hanging loose, tilting at a crazy angle. And a trail of hose-pipes snaking through the debris towards a huddle of figures dwarfed by the catastrophe they are powerless to contain.<\/p>\n
There was no escaping the fierce intensity of that pink and orange inferno, so dazzling you could almost feel the searing white heat.<\/p>\n
I had seen this tortured scene many times before, but never like this\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n
The painting was of Caley\u2019s chocolate factory being consumed by flames during the second terrible Baedeker raid at the end of April 1942. It was, as I found, one of six large-scale works held by in the Castle Museum\u2019s collection. Surprisingly, given its dramatic rendering of one of the most iconic moments in the city\u2019s wartime history, it had been rarely displayed during the previous 50 years.<\/p>\n
It made me want to find out more about Norwich\u2019s unsung Polish Blitz artist.<\/p>\n
Who was Stanislaw Mikula? I did some digging with the help of Norma Watt, then assistant keeper of art at the Castle Museum. I discovered that before the war he had specialised in ecclesiastical art and portraiture and had studied in Paris with Andre Derain, a friend of Matisse and prominent member of the Fauves Group who turned impressionism into an exaltation of pure colour.<\/p>\n
But what of the character of the man? He remained frustratingly elusive. The fragments unearthed pointed to a charismatic figure and a chequered life; he was jailed for four years for defrauding a friend out of more than \u00a360,000 to pay off gambling debts, he owned a night club in Mayfair, he was married to a Polish singer and apparently died in London in 1977 after falling down a spiral staircase while attending a friend\u2019s party.<\/p>\n
The only flesh to add to these bare bones came from a Liverpool-based artist. Patricia Rhodes had known Mikula during the war and had kept in touch with him to the end of his life. She laughed as she recalled how, while serving his prison sentence, he had painted the portrait of the governor. \u201cYou couldn\u2019t keep him down,\u201d she said. \u201cHe was very flamboyant and he was a very good artist too. He could really paint if he put his mind to it, but he enjoyed the high life too much\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n
And that was broadly it.<\/p>\n
<\/a>The sky ablaze.<\/p><\/div>\n
When I came to write Norwich: A Shattered City I had hoped to write of Mikula and his extraordinary life, but in the end there was not space enough and I had to content myself with publishing a few black and white images of his work which scarcely did justice to his immense talent. I began to think in terms of featuring in him a new book, loosely based on eyewitness accounts of the air raids on Norfolk during the second world war. But with my biography of Doc Harden VC taking up most of my time, I had done nothing more about it when, out of the blue, I received a \u2018response report\u2019 to this website from a Charles Coupland in Australia.<\/p>\n
He had read my blog about the Norwich Arts Centre exhibition which featured some of Mikula\u2019s work on a computerised \u2018loop\u2019. And what he had to say fair took my breath away\u2026<\/p>\n
\u201cI am Stanislaw Mikula\u2019s son\u2026 He was my biological father. I grew up in the South of England\u2026 away from Stash. It was very pleasing to see him publicly recognised in his adopted country. Before the Norwich Exhibition I had no idea he was even in Norwich during the blitz there\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n
Since then, he has emailed me some more biographical information, pieced together from his own research over the past 12 years, after discovering that Mikula was his father.<\/p>\n
This is what he had found out:<\/p>\n
\u201cStanislaw Jan Mikula was born in Tarnopol , in what is now the Ukraine in 1907.\u00a0 He died in London in 1977.<\/p>\n
Stanislaw\u2019s father was Wadyslaw Mikula (described in Stash\u2019s Army record as a Public Official) and his mother was Irma Mikula (nee Grabowski). As far as I know he had a brother called Alfred.<\/p>\n
At some point this Polish family moved to Lvov where young Stanislaw grew up in what was then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.<\/p>\n
After the First World War Western Ukraine became part of the new Polish Republic.<\/p>\n
In the 1920s Stanislaw went to Paris and studied at the Ecole des Beaux Arts.\u00a0 On returning to Poland he worked as a painter, a stage designer for theatre, as well as working on the decoration of synagogues and churches.\u00a0 I have talked to an old friend of his from this period who still lives in London and we described much of that period as a happy one for he and his friends who enjoyed a fair bit of drinking and general roistering.<\/p>\n
During the late 1930s he was a cadet officer in the Jazowieckich 14 Cavalry Regiment.<\/p>\n
At the outbreak of WW2 he and the Cavalry Regiment managed to escape from Poland eventually ending up in France where they became part of the French Army.\u00a0 While in Brittany Stanislaw painted a Black Madonna for the small town where the Regiment was billeted.\u00a0 (I haven\u2019t had the opportunity to see this work even though I\u2019ve been in France a number of times over the last few years).\u00a0 How he arrived in UK I don\u2019t know.<\/p>\n
Perhaps via Dunkirk ?<\/p>\n
Now part of the British Army, his Regiment was sent to Biggar in Scotland.\u00a0 He painted a field altar for his Regiment which stayed in Scotland until the fall of Communism in Poland.\u00a0 It is now housed in a girl\u2019s boarding school run by nuns at a place called Szyman\u00f3w not far from Krakow.<\/p>\n
<\/a>Baedeker blaze in Norwich.<\/p><\/div>\n
He was in Norwich in 1942 as we know and also in London where at some point he met my mother who worked for SOE as a coder.<\/p>\n
He was demobbed in 1946 and worked as an painter, did some film work, eg, in the film starring Ingrid Bergman \u201cInn of the Sixth Happiness\u201d. He played a Russian train inspector in that film. In fact he contributed stage designs and the occasional performance to Polish theatre in London.<\/p>\n
During the 1950\u2019s he managed a night club in Green Street Mayfair. In 1957 he married Sophia Terne a Polish Jewish singer who was the Polish .equivalent of Vera Lynn.\u00a0 She had travelled with Polish troops and sang for them through their Italian campaign, including at Monte Cassino.\u00a0 She sang at the Green Street night club which was very popular for a time with film stars like James Mason and people like Princess Margaret.<\/p>\n
I believe Stanislaw also did some interior design plans for restaurants as well as himself running a restaurant in South Kensington for many years called Tsarevich.<\/p>\n
After his death and funeral at the Brompton Oratory Church in London his ashes were scattered in Poland.<\/p>\n
Zoshie (as she was known) Terne died in the early 90\u2019s and is buried in London.\u201d<\/p>\n
What an extraordinary story. And it is not over yet. More information and photographs are promised. At long last, it seems, Stanislaw Mikula is emerging from the shadows.<\/p>\n
Watch this space\u2026<\/p>\n
www.stephensnelling.com<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" The wonder of the internet never ceases to amaze me. When I embarked on my Norwich Blitz odyssey almost two years ago my head was filled with familiar images lifted from more than three decades of journalism. Most were stark, … Continue reading